Many students in high school choose AP classes to get ready for college. One popular class is AP Physics. It may sound tough, but it’s also fun and useful. If you’re thinking about it, you may ask: what’s the difference between AP Physics 1 and AP Physics 2?
This article will explain both courses, what they teach, how they are different, and which one you should take.
What Is AP Physics?
AP Physics is a set of high school courses made by the College Board. These are college-level classes. If you pass the AP test, you might get college credit.
There are four types:
- AP Physics 1
- AP Physics 2
- AP Physics C: Mechanics
- AP Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism
This article talks about AP Physics 1 and AP Physics 2. These use algebra, not calculus. That means they are easier to start with.
What Is AP Physics 1?
AP Physics 1 is the first physics class. It teaches the basics. Most students take it in 11th grade.
Topics in AP Physics 1:
- How things move – Kinematics (Unit 1)
- Forces and Transitional Dynamics (Unit 2)
- Work, Energy, and Power (Unit 3)
- Linear Momentum (Unit 4)
- Torque & Rotational Dynamics (Unit 5)
- Energy & Momentum of Rotating Systems (Unit 6)
- Oscillations (Unit 7)
- Fluids (Unit 8)
This class helps you learn how things move and push each other.
It also builds strong problem-solving skills. You learn to break problems into steps and think clearly. This helps in other math and science classes too.
What Is AP Physics 2?
AP Physics 2 is the next step after AP Physics 1. It teaches more advanced ideas. Students usually take it in 12th grade.
Topics in AP Physics 2:
- Thermodynamics (Unit 9)
- Electric Force, Field, and Potential (Unit 10)
- Electric Circuits (Unit 11)
- Magnetism and Electromagnetism (Unit 12)
- Geometric Optics (Unit 13)
- Waves, Sound, and Physical Optics (Unit 14)
- Modern Physics (Unit 15)
This class helps you learn how energy, heat, light, and tiny particles work.
AP Physics 2 is great if you’re curious about how the world works at a deeper level. You’ll study atoms, radiation, and real-world machines. It’s helpful if you’re planning to study medicine, biology, or engineering.
Key Differences Between AP Physics 1 and 2
Here’s a simple chart:
| Thing | AP Physics 1 | AP Physics 2 |
| Level | First class | Second class |
| Math | Basic algebra | Basic algebra |
| Focus | Motion and force | Energy, light, and atoms |
| Grade | Usually 11th | Usually 12th |
| What it covers | Moving objects | Energy, fluids, and light |
AP Physics 1 looks at things like cars and falling objects. AP Physics 2 looks at electricity, light, and heat.
Another key difference is in the thinking style. AP Physics 1 is more hands-on and builds your base. AP Physics 2 involves more abstract thinking. You’ll picture things you can’t always see, like electric fields and atomic particles.
Which One Should You Take First?
Most people start with AP Physics 1. It gives you the base to understand AP Physics 2.
Some schools may let you take AP Physics 2 first, but it’s not common. Ask your teacher to help you choose.
Also, check your school’s rules. Some schools require you to pass AP Physics 1 before taking AP Physics 2.
How Are the Exams Different?
Both classes end with a big test.
Each test has:
- Multiple-choice questions
- Free-response questions
The tests are 3 hours long. They are scored from 1 to 5. A 3 or more might give you college credit. This depends on your college.
The AP Physics 1 exam focuses on motion and force. The AP Physics 2 exam covers light, fluids, and electricity.
In both tests, you need to explain your thinking. So practice writing simple, clear answers.
How Are These Courses Different?
AP Physics 1 is like a first college class in physics. You don’t need to know calculus for it. It’s best to take this class after you’ve done geometry. You should also be taking or have finished Algebra 2.
AP Physics 2 comes after AP Physics 1. It’s like the second part of a college physics class. You should already know AP Physics 1. You should also be taking or have finished precalculus.
AP Physics C is harder. There are two parts—Mechanics and Electricity and Magnetism. These classes are like college physics with calculus. You should be learning calculus when you take AP Physics C.
If you need help deciding or preparing, PrepGenius can guide you with expert support, curated courses and extensive resources.
Which One Is Harder?
It depends on you. AP Physics 1 may be harder because it’s your first time learning physics. AP Physics 2 has more topics, but it might feel easier if you already know the basics.
If you like learning how objects move, try AP Physics 1. If you like electricity, heat, and light, you might enjoy AP Physics 2 more.
Some students say Physics 1 is more math-heavy. Physics 2 uses more logic and explanation.
Tips to Do Well in AP Physics
- Practice a lot – The more you solve problems, the better you get.
- Understand the ideas – Don’t just memorize. Know why things happen.
- Draw pictures – Sketching helps you think better.
- Study with friends – You can help each other.
- Try old exams – They help you get ready for the real test.
- Ask questions – Don’t be shy. Asking helps you learn more.
- Use online videos – They show the topics in action.
Final Thoughts
AP Physics 1 and 2 are both great classes. Physics 1 helps you learn the basics. Physics 2 shows you more real-world science.
If you enjoy how things move or how energy works, you’ll like these classes. They also help you get ready for careers in science, tech, medicine, or engineering.
Pick the one that matches your level. And most of all—keep asking questions and have fun learning!If you’re looking for extra help, expert guidance, or structured practice, check out PrepGenius. Our programs make AP Physics easier to understand with clear lessons, practice tests, and one-on-one support. Start your journey with PrepGenius today and build your confidence in physics!
Before moving ahead, feel free to read more about AP here:
| The Ultimate Guide to the AP Precalculus Exam | AP Precalculus 2024 |
| 28 AP Exams Go Digital | The Future of AP Exams: Embracing the Digital Shift in 2025 |
| AP Exams Dates & Deadlines 2025 |
| AP Biology |
| Top 10 AP Colleges Accepting AP Scores |
| AP Calculus BC |
| AP Calculus AB |
| AP Statistics |
| How to Prepare for Multiple AP Exams in 2025 |
| AP Microeconomics vs. AP Macroeconomics: Which Course Should You Choose? |
FAQs About AP Physics 1 and 2
1. Do I need calculus for AP Physics 1 or 2?
No. You only need algebra for AP Physics 1 and 2
2. Can I take AP Physics 2 first?
You can, but it’s better to start with AP Physics 1
3. Which one is harder, AP Physics or AP Physics 2?
It depends. Physics 1 is hard if it’s your first physics class. Physics 2 covers more topics.
4. Do I have to do lab work in AP Physics?
Yes. Labs are a big part of learning.
5. Will I get college credit?
Yes. If you get a score of 3 or more. Please make sure to check with your college.
6. What jobs can these classes help with?
They help with careers in science, health, and tech
7. Is math hard in AP Physics?
No. Just algebra and simple math is involved in AP Physics.
8. Can I study by myself?
Yes, but labs may be harder to do alone. Also effective guidance can help you ace these subjects easily.